Optical Fiber
Optical fiber An optical fiber is a flexible glass or plastic fiber that can transmit light from one end to the other. Such fibers are used widely in fiber-optic communications. They permit transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data transfer rates) than electrical cables. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals travel along them with less loss and are immune to electromagnetic interference. [7] They can carry light into or images out of confined spaces, as in the case of a fiberscope. [8] Specially designed fibers have a variety of other applications, such as fiber optic sensors and fiber lasers. [9] Drawing is a process for making glass optical fibers. For plastic fibers, we can choose either drawing or extrusion . [10][11] Optical fibers typically include a core surrounded by a transparent cladding material with a lower index of refraction. The core keeps the light in the core by total internal reflection, which causes the fiber to act as a wave