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My Mother's Home Town: Maranadu Village.

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  Introduction: Welcome to the beautiful village, where nature's beauty blends seamlessly. Maranadu is a small village in Kollam district, Kerala, India. Its location is 21 km east of the district headquarters, Kollam, 6 km west of Kottarakkara, and 73 km north of the State capital, Thiruvananthapuram. Beautiful greenery  This idyllic village is adorned with lush greenery, making it a visual treat for all who visit. As you stroll through the place, you will encounter enchanting sights along. On one side of the road lies a wetland teeming with vibrant flora and fauna.  Wetlands: Around fifty years ago, all the wetlands were paddy fields. During sowing and planting, it was green everywhere, tilting the soft leaves of the rice plant in a gentle breeze like a green blanket. Around harvesting, we could see golden fields with ripened bunches of paddy. When I was young, I used to behold that beauty. Now, paddy fields turned out as banana fields.   The hill on the other side The role of a
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Treasure Island Kuruva: A Biodiversity Paradise Destination Alongside The Kabini River.

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Location Nestled amidst the serene landscapes of the Kabini River in  Kerala , India lies a hidden gem known as Kuruva Island.  Nine hundred and fifty acres of protected river delta comprise three densely wooded islands and a few submergible satellite islands. This enchanting place is renowned for its remarkable biodiversity, including rare orchid species, lush ferns, and a haven for birds. This secluded island is home to numerous bird species, making it a haven for avid bird watchers and nature enthusiasts. Kuruva is an uninhabited island that boasts picturesque nature walks, tranquil resting places, and crystal-clear waters that invite visitors to take a refreshing dip. In this article, we will immerse ourselves in the captivating beauty of Kuruva Island while also exploring the unique experience of bamboo rafting, an eco-friendly way to traverse this natural wonder.  Unique Features are... No human habitation on the island, so you will still find it in its pristine and untouched f
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Joy and Benefits of Cooking and Eating on Leaves.

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  Introduction: In this article, I discuss only the benefits of cooking and eating on leaves. I discussed the method of cooking on leaves in another article. Hence, for details on cooking dessert on leaves, please read my article on hubpages. ( https://hubpages.com/food/happiness-and-benefits-of-cooking-in-leaves-from-our-backyard-an-emotional-link ). Banana Plant Banana leaves: In tropical and sub-tropical areas, they use banana leaves for cooking, wrapping, and food serving. In Tamil Nadu, for packing food, they use dried leaves. Banana leaves have natural antimicrobial properties that kill harmful bacteria. Banana leaves and palm leaves were the primary writing surfaces in South and Southeast Asia.  Banana belongs to the Monocotyledons class, the Zingiberales order, and the Musaceae family. The plant has a herbaceous growth habit with leaves overlapping basal sheaths.  The family includes three genera. The largest and most economically important genus is Musa. It is famous for the
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Prepare Then Nellika Using Jaggery and Honey at Home

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  Then nellikka is stored in a glass bottle We know that gooseberry (Nellika) is a powerhouse of vitamin C. Its health benefits are well known. My grandma told me that nellika was capable of keeping me young. I know nobody wants to get older anyway. I do not like to. Raw nellikka Being a Physics teacher, it is good to mention the  time dilation  in the theory of relativity. In many science fiction films, you might have seen such scenes. The time dilation resulted in a younger look.  It is for comparing two frames. One of them is stationary, and the other is moving. It states that a clock in a moving frame will appear to go slower than the clock in a stationary frame. Twin paradox: The story is about two twin brothers (same age). One of the twins travels in a rocket with very high velocity for a long time and returns to Earth. In such a case, he will find himself younger than his twin brother, who stayed back on Earth.    Let me tell you the significance of gooseberry in our d
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Science of Holography

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  Introduction: The term holography comes from the Greek meaning whole writing. It is a technique of recording objects and regenerating images in three dimensions. It is a two-step process:  An object illuminated by coherent light is made to produce interference fringes in photosensitive material. Reillumination of the developed interference pattern by light of the same wavelength produces a three-dimensional image of the original object. Dennis Gabor of the Imperial College of Science and Technology developed this technique in 1948. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1976 for his three-dimensional lensless method of photography (holography). [2] Dove hologram used on some credit cards [7] Basic principle: The basic principle of holography is recording the phase and amplitude of the light scattered from different parts of the object.  The phase recording helps to record the depth of the material.  It is a unique way of recording the interference pattern produced by light wave
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Laser Fundamentals

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History: Laser stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Albert Einstein (1916) theoretically proved the process of stimulated emission (that is, when more atoms occupy a higher energy state than a lower one, it is possible to force them to return to an unexcited state by stimulating them with the same energy as would be emitted naturally). German Physicist Rudolf Walther Ladenburg observed the stimulated emission in 1928. In 1951, Charles H.Townes from Columbia University demonstrated a working device that focused excited ammonia molecules in a resonant microwave cavity, where they emitted a pure microwave frequency. Townes named the device a MASER for Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.  On May 16, 1960, Theodore H. Maiman (Hughes Research Laboratories) fired bright pulses from a photographer’s flash lamp to excite chromium atoms in a crystal of synthetic ruby and produced red pulses from a Ruby rod about the size of a fingertip.  In
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Is Munroe Island a Sinking Beauty?

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  Is the island sinking?   I feel a little pain when somebody mentions it. It is a place close to my hometown, Kunnathoor. I wish that would not happen. It  is high time to act. Protect that gem to live long for our kids and grandkids. Research reports said only some buildings and rail tracks were subsiding. What happens to Munroe Island when the sea level rises due to climate change?   An inland group of islands located at the confluence of Ashtamudi Lake and Kallada River is known as Munroe Island. The location is in Kollam district, Kerala, India. Features: There are eight small islets. The total area is about 13.4 sq. kilometers.[1]  We can reach there by road, train, and inland navigation is available. As per the census in 2011, the island has a population only of 9599. Males: 4636 and 4963 females. Local people said the island was sinking. So, people referred to it as a sinking island. The Munroe Island is only 25 kilometers away from Kollam by road.  
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Optical Fiber

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Optical fiber An optical fiber is a flexible glass or plastic fiber that can transmit light from one end to the other. Such fibers are used widely in fiber-optic communications. They permit transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data transfer rates) than electrical cables. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals travel along them with less loss and are immune to electromagnetic interference. [7] They can carry light into or images out of confined spaces, as in the case of a fiberscope. [8] Specially designed fibers have a variety of other applications, such as fiber optic sensors and fiber lasers. [9] Drawing is a process for making glass optical fibers. For plastic fibers, we can choose either drawing or extrusion . [10][11] Optical fibers typically include a core surrounded by a transparent cladding material with a lower index of refraction. The core keeps the light in the core by total internal reflection, which causes the fiber to act as a wave
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Attukal Pongala: A Celebration of Harmony and Inclusivity

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  We have a 10-day festival celebrated at the Attukal Bhagavathy Temple in Thiruvananthapuram in the Indian state of Kerala. From the first day onwards, most ladies will be fasting. They prefer to eat vegetarian food during this period.  On the ninth day, there is a gathering of millions of women in the temple surroundings. This gathering is for preparing Pongala.  Pongala preparation and offering it to Attukalamma is dependent on devotion.  They prepare a divine food made of rice, jaggery, ghee, coconut, banana, cardamom, and raisins in earthen pots and offer it to the Attukal Amma (Goddess of the Temple). After the ritual called 'Aduppuvettu' at the temple, the Pongala preparation begins. It is the lighting of the pongala hearth (called Pandarayaduppu) placed inside the temple by the chief priest. This is the earliest Pongala festival in Kerala [1]. Attukal Temple Rituals After the Aduppuvettu of the Attukal Bhagavathy Temple, women light the ritual fires to prepare the s
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Dhanushkodi: The Abandoned Town in Tamil Nadu

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Dhanushkodi is a town at the south-eastern tip of Pamban Island in Tamil Nadu, India. [1]  It is south-east of Pamban and is about 24 kilometers (15 mi) west of Talaimannar in Sri Lanka.  The 1964 Rameswaram cyclone was a disaster. After that, the place remains uninhabited. Although devoid of inhabitants, Dhanushkodi remains a tourist attraction due to its historical and mythological relevance. [2]   Arichal Munai Geography   Dhanushkodi is on the tip of Pamban Island, separated from the mainland by the Palk Strait.   Transport The National Highway completed the 9.5-km-long road – 5 km from Mukuntharayar Chathiram to Dhanushkodi and 4.5 km from Dhanushkodi to Arichamunai. [3]  Until 2016, Dhanushkodi was reachable on foot along the seashore or in jeeps. [4] In 2016, they built a road from the village of Mukundarayar Chathiram. [5][6] A meter gauge railway line connected Mandapam in mainland India to Dhanushkodi. [7]  Boat mail express ran from Chennai Egmore to Dhanushkod
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